Qualitative chemical analysis of Siddha mineral formulation Pancha sootha mezhugu

Merish. S, Essakkypandian G

1.PG Scholar, Department of Gunapadam, 2.Lecturer, Department of Gunapadam,

Government siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli.

ABSTRACT

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurologic disorders of the brain, affecting about 50 million individuals worldwide, among them 90% patients are from developing countries. It is a universal disorder which affects all age groups. Genetic factors as well as infection in brain, stroke, tumour and high fever are some of the causes of epilepsy. Each year about 125,000 new epilepsy cases occur; of these, 30 % are younger than age 18 at the time of diagnosis. Prevalence of 3-11/1000 and incidence of 0.2-0.6/1000are observed in India. The objective of this study is to evaluate the biochemical qualitative estimation of Siddha medicine Pacha sootha Mezhugu. .The qualitative chemical analysis of the trial drug is essential as it is helpful for further clinical studies. The biochemical analysis of the trial drug indicates the presence of calcium, sulphate, Chloride, Starch, Ferrous Iron, Unsaturated Compound, Amino Acid revealed the enhancement of therapeutic action in epileptic care.

Keywords:

Siddha Medicine, valippu, Pancha sootham, Mercury,

Introduction:

Epilepsy is one of the most common and disabling neurologic conditions, yet we have an incomplete understanding of the detailed pathophysiology and, thus, treatment rationale for much of epilepsy. A “seizure” is a paroxysmal alteration of neurologic function caused by the excessive, hypersynchronous discharge of neurons in the brain. “Epileptic seizure” is used to distinguish a seizure caused by abnormal neuronal firing from a nonepileptic event, such as a psychogenic seizure. “Epilepsy” is the condition of recurrent, unprovoked seizures. Epilepsy has numerous causes, each reflecting underlying brain dysfunction (Shorvon et al. 2011). A seizure provoked by a reversible insult (e.g., fever, hypoglycemia) does not fall under the definition of epilepsy because it is a short-lived secondary condition, not a chronic state.

“Epilepsy syndrome” refers to a group of clinical characteristics that consistently occur together, with similar seizure type(s), age of onset, EEG findings, triggering factors, genetics, natural history, prognosis, and response to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). The nonspecific term “seizure disorder” should be avoided.

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurologic conditions, with an incidence of approximately 50 new cases per year per 100,000 population (Hauser and Hersdorffer 1990). About 1% of the population suffers from epilepsy, and about one-third of patients have refractory epilepsy (i.e., seizures not controlled by two or more appropriately chosen antiepileptic medications or other therapies). Approximately 75% of epilepsy begins during childhood, reflecting the heightened susceptibility of the developing brain to seizures.

Types of epilepsy

The most recent International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) classification of epileptic seizures and epilepsies (epilepsy syndromes), published in 2010, revises past classifications using terminology and concepts appropriate for the modern era (Berg et al. 2010; Berg and Millichap 2013; Muro and Connolly 2014). Seizures are divided into three categories: generalized, focal (formerly called partial), and epileptic spasms. Focal seizures originate in neuronal networks limited to part of one cerebral hemisphere. Generalized seizures begin in bilateral distributed neuronal networks. A seizure can begin focally and later generalize. Seizures can originate in the cortex or in subcortical structures.

Epilepsy in Siddha

The contribution of Siddhars to Siddha literature with its boundless therapeutics and wonderful pharmaceutical medicine preparations is acclaimed par excellence even in this 20th century owing to remarkable results. The Siddha treatment is not only curative but also preventive taking care of the external body with its internal being -- the soul. According to T.V Sambasivam pillai Dictionary, Kakkai Valippu is defined as “a disease of central nervous system characterised by uttering a strangled scream, loss of consciousness, white froths collecting on the lips and other distressing features of a dying person”. In Agasthiyar Vaidhya Chinthamani the symptoms of kakkai valippu include giddiness followed by a fall with huge cry, syncope and involuntary movements of both legs and arms. In Sarabendrar Vadha Roga Sigichai the symptoms are as follows---- tremors in both arms and legs followed by syncope, involuntary rotation of eye balls.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Table:1 Ingredients of Pancha sootha mezhugu

Ingredients:

1. Ilingam (Red sulphide of Mercury) - 1 Part

2. Puram (Hydrargyrum sub chloride) - 1 Part

3. Viram (Hydrargyrum per chloride) - 1 Part

4. Iracaccenturam (Red sulphide of Mercury) - 1 Part

5. Iracam (Hydrargyrum) - 1 Part

6. Nerinjil camoola caru (Tribulus Terrestris) -Q.S(Quantity Sufficient)

7. Murungaipoo caru (Moringa oleifera) - Q.S (Quantity Sufficient)

8. Thai pal^* - Q.S (Quantity Sufficient)

Collection, Identification and Authentication of the Drug:

The required raw drugs were also purchased from a well reputed country shop. They were authenticated by gunapadam faculties of Government Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai.

Purification of the Drug:

Purification of Raw drugs:

Veeram : Method of veeram Purification Soaked in cow’s milk, kept under sunlight for three days. After that washed and dried up

Lingam : Purification Lime juice, milk and Acalypha indica juice were taken in equal quantity. Lingam placed in an earthen plate. The plate is heated while adding the mixture little by little for three hours.

Pooram : A paste is made of black pepper and betel leaves weighing about 8.5 gm. Mixed this paste with 1.3 liters of water and taken in an earthen pot. Pooram is taken in a cotton cloth placed in the pot filled with the above mixer and boiled till the liquid was fully evaporated. Finally pooram was taken out washed and dried.

Rasam : Raw material is ground well with brick powder till it’s color turn’s to white and removed. Again ground with turmeric powder till it’s color changes to black and the turmeric powder will remain separately and it is removed. Finally semi purified rasam is boiled with the Acalypha plant juice. Washed, dried and used.

Iracaccenturam : Soaked in lemon juice for 24 hour and take it for medicine preparation.

Preparation of the drug:

Finely powder the first five ingredients and put into an iron ladle (huge spoon). Heat the powder and add a mixture of items 6,7,8 in small quantities (drop by drop) continuously, for 3 hours till a waxy product results. Transfer the material to the mortar, grind for 3 hours and then take and store.

Shelf Life and dose:

5 years and 50-100 mg

Biochemical analysis:

Screening the drug Pancha sootha mezhuguto identify the Biochemical properties present in the ingredient.

Chemicals and drugs:

The chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade obtained from Department of Biochemistry, Government Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai.

Methodology for biochemical analysis:

5 grams of the drug was weighed accurately and placed in a 250ml clean beaker. Then 50ml of distilled water added to it and dissolved well. Then it was boiled well for about 10 minutes. It was cooled and filtered in a 100ml volumetric flask and then it is made upto 100ml with distilled water. This fluid was taken for analysis.

Table2 :Qualitative Analysis of Drug

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

The Bio chemical analysis of the trial drug Pancha sootha mezhugu was tabulated above in table 2.The trial drug Pancha sootha mezhugu contains,

1. Ferrous Iron

2. Unsaturated compound

3. Amino Acid

4. Calcium

5. Chloride

6. Sulphate

The mode of action of the trial drug Pancha sootha mezhugu which brings about the neurological signaling in body, may be due to the presence of Sulphate, starch, Ferrous Iron ,Unsaturated compound, Amino Acid, calcium, chloride in it. The study of calcium in act as a vechicle for the the drug provided n it.

Conclusion:

Pancha sootha mezhugu is a Siddha Drug taken from a Siddha literature used in the treatment of Valippul. The drug is screened for its bio chemical properties. Further, comprehensive pharmacological studies are needed to evaluate its potency and the drug has its own potency to undergo further research.

References:

1. Acharya YT, CharakaSamhita of Agnivesha, VimanaSthana, 2^nd Ed, Vol.2,. Reprint edition., Published by ChaukhambaOrientalia; Varanasi:, 2015. p. 262.

2. AanaivaariAnandhan, Pillaipinimaruthuvam, 1st Ed, vol.2, published byDepartment of Indian Medicine and Homeopathy; Chennai.

3. Murugesamudhaliyar, guru sironmani, Balavagadam, 5th Ed, pblished byDepartment of Indian Medicine and Homeopathy; Chennai

4. Fraebel J1, Gonzalez-Peralta R1, Maximos M1, Beasley GL1, Jolley CD1, Cheng SX1-Extracellular Calcium Dictates Onset, Severity, and Recovery of Diarrhea in a Child with Immune-Mediated Enteropathy. Frontiers in pediatrics.2018 ; 6: 7

5. Sivasanmugaraja S,kuzhanthaimaruthuvam, 1st Ed, published by siddha maruthuvavalarchikalagam, Srlianka.