FTIR CHARACTERIZATION OF SIDDHA MEDICINE GANDHAGA KARUPPU

A.Samsul Nisha Fathima^1*, Dr.G.Essakky Pandian M.D (s) ²

​1.PGscholar, Department of Gunapadam,

​2.Reader, Department of Gunapadam.

Government Siddha Medical College Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India

ABSTRACT:

Background:

The Gandhaga Karuppu is a herbo-mineral formulation of Siddha classical Medicine used for treating Fever, Jaundice, Hemiplegia, Muscle cramps, Radiating Pain, Megavayu, Fever with delirium and Breast milk congestion.

Objectives: To characterize the herbo-mineral drug “Gandhaga Karuppu”

Materials and Methods:

The ingredients used in the preparation are Nellikai Gandhagam (Sulphur), Chukku (Dried Ginger), Milagu (Black Pepper),Thippili (Long Pepper). The trial drug was prepared as per Siddha literature “Kannusamy Parambarai Vaithiyam Pg.No.442”. The drug was analysed by using FTIR spectrum

Result: FTIR Characterization of trial drug “Gandhaga Karuppu” shows the presence of some functional group such as carboxylic acid, Carbon-di-oxide, alcohol, acid halide, secondary alcohol, Halo compounds. This study forms the base for the pharmaceutical analysis of “Gandhaga Karuppu” which will be followed by safety and efficacy studies later.

Conclusion: The instrumental analysis FTIR study for “Gandhaga Karuppu” shows the presence of functional groups through the stretch and bends which are responsible for its functional activity. It was subjected for further studies to validate its efficacy and safety through proper standardization procedure for its potency.

Keywords : FTIR, Siddha drug, Herbo-mineral formulation, Functional group

INTRODUCTION:

The Siddha system of Medicine is one of the ancient traditional system has its own fundamental principles. This system is not only a system of medical sciences but also a part of culture of the society which contribute health care to the people. Kayakarpam(Medicine for longeivity) and Muppu(Fortified combination of three salts which acts as a catalyst) are few among the speciality of Siddha system of Medicine. The system has developed a rich and unique treasure of drug knowledge in which various types of herbs, metals, minerals and animal product are used.

Gandhaga Karuppu is indicated as one of the best Siddha medicine for its wide medicinal uses. In ancient days it is widely used as a drug of choice for treating Fever, Jaundice, Hemiplegia, Muscle cramps, Radiating Pain, Megavayu, Fever with delirium and Breast milk congestion.

In this study, FTIR characterization was done for herbo-mineral formulation of “Gandhaga Karuppu” to evaluate the functional group. It is an excellent tool for qualitative analysis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Collection of Raw drugs:

Nellikkai Gandhagam was bought from Gopalan aasaan shop, Nagarkovil at Kanyakumari district, Tamilnadu.

Other raw drugs were bought from Vallalar naatu maruthu kadai, Tirunelveli Town, Tamilnadu

“Gandhaga Karuppu” is a herbo-mineral formulation has the ingredients of

METHOD OF PREPARATION:

The purified Chukku, Milagu, Thippili were made into a powder( Chooranam) individually and filtered by using sieve(80-100mesh). Half of the above powder is placed in a mud plate (Agal) and then the entire quantity of purified gandhagam is placed over the above powder and then the remaining powder (Chooranam) is spread over the gandhagam. This mud plate (Agal) was covered with another suitable mud plate (Agal) and then sealed with clay soaked cloth and made into seven layers. The entire setup was subjected into incineration process by using 15 dried cow dung cakes. After cooling, the final product obtained is black in colour was collected and grind well. The prepared medicine was stored in a air tight container.

SHELF LIFE:

5 years.

DOSAGE:

Kundri edai – 130mg daily for 6 to 7 days.

ADJUVANT :

Honey, Ghee

INDICATIONS:

Fever, Jaundice, Hemiplegia, Muscle cramps, Radiating Pain, Megavayu, Fever with delirium and Breast Milk Congestion.

PATHIYAM:

Avoid Tamarind and sexual indulgence

REFERENCES:

Kannus jio

amy Parambarai Vaithiyam Pg.No.442, Fifth Edition – 2006.

Details regarding the analysis

FTIR analysis was done at Kalasalingam academy of research and education (International research center) Srivilliputhur.

FTIR Spectrum analysis

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is an important and more advanced technique. It is used to identify the functional group to determine the quality and consistency of the sample material.

In FTIR- infrared is passed from a source through a sample. This infrared is absorbed by the sample according to the chemical properties and some are transmitted. The spectrum that appears denotes the molecular absorption and transmission. It forms the molecular finger print of the sample. It is recorded as wavelength and the peaks seen in the spectrum indicate the amount of material present

RESULT:

Fig.1. Image of the FTIR spectrum.

Table.1: FTIR Data interpretation of SAMPLE (GK)

DISCUSSION:

In FTIR- Spectra analysis , this sample “Gandhaga Karuppu” exhibits the peak value at 3776.62, 3192.19, 2357.01, 2318.44, 1789.94, 1417.68, 1112.93, 615.29, 464.84 having O-H Stretching, O-H Stretching, O=C=O Stretching, O=C=O Stretching, C=O Stretching, O-H Bending, C=O Stretching, C-Br Stretching, C-l Stretching respectively. This indicates the presence of some organic functional groups such as Alcohol, carboxylic acid, carbon-di-oxide, carbon-di-oxide, Acid halide, Alcohol, Secondary alcohol, Halo compounds, Halo compounds respectively. The Carboxylic acid has anticoagulant activity. This anticoagulant activity decrease the risk of Ischaemic stroke and other thromboembolic events. It plays a major role in the prevention of primary and secondary stroke.

The alcohol has mild vasodilator activity which increases micro vascular circulation in the brain. Likewise the presence of other those identified functional group in the medicinal compound are also responsible for their therapeutic functions.

CONCLUSION:

The instrumental analysis FTIR study for “Gandhaga Karuppu” shows the presence of functional groups through the stretch and bends which responsible for its functional activity. These results will help in the structural identification of this drug and further research on this drug.

REFERENCES:

1. Vaithiya Vithvanmani C. Kannuswamy Pillai, Kannuswamy Prambarai Vaithiyam Ist Edition 1948, Fifth Edition 2006 published by Rathina Nayagar and sons Chennai – 79.

2. Vaithiyarathinam K.S. Murugesamuthaliyar, Gunapadam-mooligai vaguppu, published by Directorate of Indian medicine and Homeopathy chennai-106, year 1936.

3. Dr. Anaivaari R. Anandan, Ph.D., Dr. M. Thulasimani, M.D.(Pharm)., Siddha Materia Medica (Mineral and Animal Kingdom), 2008 edition, Dept. of Indian medicine and Homeopathy, Chennai - 106.

4. Dr. S. Somasundaram, M.Sc., M.Phil., E.S.M.P., Ph.D., Maruthuva Thavara Iyal, vol – I, 1997 edition, Elangovan Pathipagam, Tirunelveli – 2.